Legal forms for attracting foreign investment into Russia’s oil and gas industries

Authors

  • Елизавета Евгеньевна Коркина National University of Oil and Gas “Gubkin University”, 65, Leninsky pr., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2019.206

Abstract

The article analyzes legal forms for attracting foreign investment for the development of hydrocarbon deposits and identifies their advantages and disadvantages. The lack of domestic resources for investment necessitates attraction foreign direct investment into the oil and gas industries, characterized by high capital intensity. However, subsoil users with foreign capital participation take serious risks during the geological subsoil investigation. The main factors behind the Russia’s energy sector stagnationare primarily the imperfections in Russian investment legislation and the absence of well-functioning contractual instruments protecting the interests of each participant in subsoil user legal relationships: the government, subsoil users, operators, and investors. The author analyzes foreign experiences in applying contractual instruments to attract foreign investment for developing oil and gas fields, and explores recent legislative initiatives designed to modernize Russian oil and gas legislation, including the draft federal law “On the peculiarities of joint activities in the subsoil use and on making changes into separate legislative acts of the Russian Federation”. To improve investment attractiveness of Russia’s energy sector, the author estimates new forms of investment agreements, proposes the introduction of amendments to the 1992 Subsoil Law concerning easing existing restrictions on admitting foreign companies to the development of offshore hydrocarbon fields, and to clarify the terminological basis of Russian oil and gas operating agreements to bring it into line with international standards.

Keywords:

mining partnership, joint operating agreement, joint investment agreement, oil and gas contract, foreign investments into oil and gas industry

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
 

References

Библиография

Агузарова, Фатима С. 2014. «Значение нефтегазовых доходов в экономике России»». Экономика,тренды и управление 3: 142–158.

Андреянова, Инна В. 2009. «Договорные формы взаимодействия с иностранными инвесторами: правовой аспект». Труды Псковского политехнического института 12.2: 112–116.

Асосков, Антон В. 2003. Правовые формы участия юридических лиц в международном коммерческом обороте: кн. 4. Москва: Статут.

Багдасарова, Алина В. 2008. «Договорные формы недропользования: сравнительная характеристика». Журнал российского права 10: 132–138.

Байбекова, Эльмира Ф. 2014. «Соглашение о разделе продукции как гражданско-правовой договор в сфере инвестиционной деятельности». Дис. … канд. юрид. наук, Астраханский государственный университет.

Бардин, Алексей А., Евгений С. Кувшинов. 2015. Правовое регулирование инвестиционного сотрудничества между российскими и иностранными компаниями при реализации проектов по разработке недр Российской Федерации. Москва; Берлин: Директ-Медиа Паблишинг.

Букреев, Виктор В., Эмиль Н. Рудык. 2012. Как спасти предприятия минерально-сырьевого комплекса России от захвата. Дата обращения 9 сентября, 2018. http://www.intelros.ru/readroom/alternativi/a2-2012/15621-kak-spasti-predpriyatiya-mineralno-syrevogo-kompleksa-rossii-otzahvata.html.

Веселкова, Евгения Е. 2017. Правовое регулирование иностранных инвестиций в РФ: опыт и перспективы: монография. М.: КНОРУС.

Галеев, Борис В., Роман В. Квитко, Данил В. Смирнягин. 2015. «Правовые условия привлечения инвесторов в недропользовании (на примере законодательного регулирования нефтегазового сектора в России)». Закон 1: 24–37.

Гущин, Василий В., Алексей А. Овчинников. 2003. Инвестиционное право. М.: Эксмо.

Дьячков, Михаил С. 2004. «Оценка экономической эффективности форм привлечения инвестиций в поиски, разведку и добычу нефти и газа». Автореф. дис. … канд. экон. наук, Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт экономики минерального сырья и недропользования.

Заславская, Надежда М. 2016. «Законодательство о недропользовании: поиск путей совершенствования». Нефть, газ и право 6: 27–34.

Золоева, Яна О. 2003. «Концессионные и иные договоры с иностранными инвесторами в области добычи полезных ископаемых». Дис. … канд. юрид. наук, Институт законодательства и сравнительного правоведения при Правительстве РФ.

Казаковцев, Дмитрий В. 2002. «Россия сильно отличается от других нефтедобывающих стран мира». Босс 11. Дата обращения 10 сентября, 2018. http://www.bossmag.ru/archiv/2002/boss-11-2002-g/rossiya-silno-otlichaetsya-ot-drugih-neftedobyivayushhih-stran-mira.html.

Квитко, Роман В. 2016. «Совершенствование условий привлечения инвесторов в недропользовании». Нефть, газ и право 1: 13–21.

Кимельман, Семен А. 2011. «К проблеме государственной собственности на недра». Имущественные отношения в Российской Федерации 1: 6–24.

Клюкин, Борис Д. 2000. Горные отношения в странах Западной Европы и Америки. М.: Городец.

Колдаев, Сергей В. 2005a. «Договорные формы недропользования». Дис. … канд. юрид. наук, Институт государства и права.

Колдаев, Сергей В. 2005b. «Договорные формы недропользования». Автореф. дис. … канд. юрид. наук, Институт государства и права.

Конопляник, Андрей А. 2000. «Раздел продукции в нефтегазовом комплексе». Закон 2: 96–100.

Лисица, Валерий Н. 2015. Инвестиционное право. Новосибирск: Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет.

Махлина, М. И. 1995. Соглашения о разделе продукции с иностранными инвесторами. Правовое регулирование иностранных инвестиций в России. Отв. ред. А. Г. Светлаков. М.: ИГиП РАН: 76–85.

Мороз, Светлана П. 2004. «Классификация договоров в сфере недропользования». Юрист 6: 101–119.

Пиванова, Анна В. 2014. «Сравнительная характеристика правового регулирования добычи нефти и газа на континентальном шельфе в Федеративной республике Бразилия и Российской Федерации». Экономика, тренды и управление 2: 26–35.

Рубашкин, Борис. 2004. «Концессионата». Нефтегазовая вертикаль 18: 24–27.

Сосна, Сергей А. 2002. Концессионные соглашения: теория и практика. М.: Нестор Академик Паблишерс.

Grigoryev, Yuli. 2007. “The Russian Gas Industry, Its Legal Structure, and Its Influence on World Markets”. Energy Law Journal 28.1: 125–145.

Shulga, Arina. 2001. “Foreign investments in Russia’s oil and gas: legal framework and lessons for the future”. The University of Pennsylvania: Journal of International Law 22.4: 1067–1103. (https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/jil/vol22/iss4/6/).

Skelton, James W. 2008. “Status of Russian petroleum legislation”. Houston Journal of international law 30.2: 315–326.

Skelton, James W. 1993. “Investing in Russia’s Oil and Gas Industry: The Legal and Bureaucratic Obstacles”. Natural Resources and Environment: 26.

Streng P. W. (mod.) 1998. “Proceedings: investing in Russia under the law on production sharing agreements”. Houston journal of international law 20 (3): 517–547.

Waelde, Thomas W. 1996. “International Energy investment”. Energy Law Journal 17.1: 191–215.

References

Aguzarova, Fatima S. 2014. “Znachenie neftegazovykh dokhodov v ekonomike Rossii” [“The significance of oil and gas revenues in the Russian economy”]. Ekonomika, trendy i upravlenie [Economy, trends and management] 3: 142–158. (In Russian)

Andreianova, Inna V. 2009. “Dogovornye formy vzaimodeistviia s inostrannymi investorami: pravovoi aspekt” [“Contractual forms of interaction with foreign investors: the legal aspect”]. Trudy Pskovskogo politekhnicheskogo institute [Proceedings of Pskov polytechnic university] 12.2: 112–116. (In Russian)

Asoskov, Anton V. 2003. Pravovye formy uchastiia iuridicheskikh lits v mezhdunarodnom kommercheskom oborote: kniga 4 [Legal forms of participation of legal entities in the international commercial circulation: book 4]. Moscow: Statut Publ. (In Russian)

Bagdasarova, Alina V. 2008. “Dogovornye formy nedropol’zovaniia: sravnitel’naia kharakteristika”[“Contract Forms of Subsoil Use: Comparative Characteristics.”]. Zhurnal rossiiskogo prava [Journal of Russian law] 10: 132–138. (In Russian)

Baibekova, Elmira F. 2014. “Soglashenie o razdele produktsii kak grazhdansko-pravovoi dogovor v sfere investitsionnoi deiatel’nosti” [“Production-Sharing Agreement as a civil contract in the field of investment activities”]. PhD Thesis, Astrakhan State University. (In Russian)

Bardin, Aleksey A., Evgeny S. Kuvshinov. 2015. Pravovoe regulirovanie investitsionnogo sotrudnichestva mezhdu rossiiskimi i inostrannymi kompaniiami pri realizatsii proektov po razrabotke nedr Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Legal regulation of investment cooperation between Russian and foreign companies in the implementation of projects for the development of mineral resources of the Russian Federation]. Moscow, Berlin: Direct-Media Publ. (In Russian)

Bukreev, Victor V., Emil N. Rudyk. 2012. Kak spasti predpriiatiia mineral’no-syr’evogo kompleksa Rossii ot zakhvata [How to save the enterprises of the mineral complex of Russia from capture]. Accessed 9 September, 2018. http://www.intelros.ru/readroom/alternativi/a2-2012/15621-kak-spastipredpriyatiya-mineralno-syrevogo-kompleksa-rossii-ot-zahvata.html. (In Russian)

D’iachkov, Mikhail S. 2004. “Otsenka ekonomicheskoi effektivnosti form privlecheniia investitsii v poiski, razvedku i dobychu nefti i gaza” [“Evaluation of the economic efficiency of forms of attracting investment in the search, exploration and production of oil and gas”]. PhD Thesis Abstract, All-Russian Research Institute for the Economics of Mineral Resources and Subsoil Use. (In Russian)

Galeev, Boris V., Roman V. Kvitko, Danil V. Smirniagin. 2015. “Pravovye usloviia privlecheniia investorov v nedropol’zovanii (na primere zakonodatel’nogo regulirovaniia neftegazovogo sektora v Rossii)” [“Legal conditions for attracting investors in subsoil use (by the example of legislative regulation of the oil and gas sector in Russia)”]. Zakon [the Law] 1: 24–37. (In Russian)

Grigoryev, Yuli. 2007. “The Russian Gas Industry, Its Legal Structure, and Its Influence on World Markets.” Energy Law Journal 28.1: 125–145.

Gushchin, Vasily V., Aleksey A. Ovchinnikov. 2003. Investitsionnoe pravo [Investment law]. Moscow: Eksmo Publ. (In Russian)

Kazakovtsev, Dmitry V. 2002. “Rossiia sil’no otlichaetsia ot drugikh neftedobyvaiushchikh stran mira”[“Russia is very different from other oil producing countries of the world”]. Boss [Boss] 11. Accessed September 10, 2018. http://www.bossmag.ru/archiv/2002/boss-11-2002-g/rossiya-silno-otlichaetsyaot-drugih-neftedobyivayushhih-stran-mira.html. (In Russian)

Kimel’man, Semen A. 2011. “K probleme gosudarstvennoi sobstvennosti na nedra” [“To the problem of state ownership of the subsoil”]. Imushchestvennye otnosheniia v Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Property relations in Russian Federation] 1: 6–24. (In Russian)

Kliukin, Boris D. 2000. Gornye otnosheniia v stranakh Zapadnoi Evropy i Ameriki [Mining Relations in Western Europe and America]. Moscow: Gorodets Publ. (In Russian)

Koldaev, Sergey V. 2005. “Dogovornye formy nedropol’zovaniia” [“Contract Forms of Subsoil Use”]. PhD Thesis, Institute of State and Law. (In Russian)

Koldaev, Sergey V. 2005. “Dogovornye formy nedropol’zovaniia” [“Contract Forms of Subsoil Use”]. PhD Thesis Abstract, Institute of State and Law. (In Russian)

Konoplianik, Andrey A. 2000. “Razdel produktsii v neftegazovom komplekse” [“Production-sharing agreements in oil and gas sector”]. Zakon [The Law] 2: 96–100. (In Russian)

Kvitko, Roman V. 2016. “Sovershenstvovanie uslovii privlecheniia investorov v nedropol’zovanii”[“Improving the conditions for attracting investors in subsoil use”]. Neft’, gaz i pravo [Oil, gas and law] 1: 13–21. (In Russian)

Lisitsa, Valery N. 2015. Investitsionnoe pravo [Investment law]. Novosibirsk: Novosibirsk National State Research University. (In Russian)

Makhlina, M. I. 1995. Soglasheniia o razdele produktsii s inostrannymi investorami. Pravovoe regulirovanie inostrannykh investitsii v Rossii [Production-sharing agreements with the foreign investors. Legal regulation of foreign investment in Russia]. Ed. by A. G. Svetlanov. Moscow: IGiP RAN Publ.: 76–85.(In Russian)

Moroz, Svetlana P. 2004. “Klassifikatsiia dogovorov v sfere nedropol’zovaniia” [“Classification of contracts in the field of subsoil use”]. Iurist [Lawyer] 6: 101–119. (In Russian)

Pivanova, Anna V. 2014. “Sravnitel’naia kharakteristika pravovogo regulirovaniia dobychi nefti i gaza na kontinental’nom shel’fe v Federativnoi respublike Braziliia i Rossiiskoi Federatsii” [“Comparative characteristics of the legal regulation of oil and gas production on the continental shelf in the Federative Republic of Brazil and the Russian Federation”]. Ekonomika, trendy i upravlenie [Economy, trends and management] 2: 26–35. (In Russian)

Rubashkin, Boris. 2004. “Kontsessionata” [“Concession”]. Neftegazovaia vertikal’ [Oil and gas vertical] 18: 24–27. (In Russian)

Shulga, Arina. 2001. “Foreign investments in Russia’s oil and gas: legal framework and lessons for the future”. The University of Pennsylvania: Journal of International Law 22.4: 1067–1103.

Skelton, James W. 2008. “Status of Russian petroleum legislation”. Houston Journal of international law 30.2: 315–326.

Skelton, James W. 1993. “Investing in Russia’s Oil and Gas Industry: The Legal and Bureaucratic Obstacles”. Natural Resources and Environment: 26.

Sosna, Sergey A. 2002. Kontsessionnye soglasheniia: teoriia i praktika [Concession agreements: theory and practice]. Moscow: Nestor Academic Publ.

Streng P. W. (mod.) 1998. Proceedings: investing in Russia under the law on production sharing agreements. Houston journal of international law 20.3: 517–547.

Veselkova, Evgenia E. 2017. Pravovoe regulirovanie inostrannykh investitsii v RF: opyt i perspektivy: monografiia [Legal regulation of foreign investment in the Russian Federation: experience and prospects: a monograph]. Moscow: KNORUS Publ. (In Russian)

Waelde, Thomas W. 1996. “International Energy investment”. Energy Law Journal 17.1: 191–215.

Zaslavskaia, Nadezhda M. 2016. “Zakonodatel’stvo o nedropol’zovanii: poisk putei sovershenstvovaniia”

[“Subsoil use legislation: search for ways to improve”]. Neft’, gaz i pravo [Oil, gas and law] 6: 27–34.(In Russian)

Zoloeva, Yana O. 2003. “Kontsessionnye i inye dogovory s inostrannymi investorami v oblasti dobychi poleznykh iskopaemykh” [“Concession and other agreements with foreign investors in the field of mining”]. PhD Thesis, Institute of Law and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation. (In Russian)

Published

2019-05-16

How to Cite

Коркина, Е. Е. (2019). Legal forms for attracting foreign investment into Russia’s oil and gas industries. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law, 10(2), 274–292. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu14.2019.206

Issue

Section

Public and Private Law: Applied Research